<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005</id><updated>2009-12-21T21:52:19.639+08:00</updated><title type='text'>Collection of Physics Problems</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default?orderby=updated'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;orderby=updated'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>78</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-5111884836484684101</id><published>2008-10-27T06:59:00.002+08:00</published><updated>2009-10-27T07:46:35.874+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='review'/><title type='text'>Homework Help from TutorVista</title><content type='html'>Today I got a website that could help you to solve your homework or any questions you want to ask. 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And if you want to have free access to all of videos, quizzes, plus progress reports, you just pay $9.95/month.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-73776690001757506?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/73776690001757506/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2008/10/guaranteach-solution-for-math-problems.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/73776690001757506'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/73776690001757506'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2008/10/guaranteach-solution-for-math-problems.html' title='Guaranteach - A Solution for Math Problems'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-2320977956755674551</id><published>2008-07-29T09:51:00.000+08:00</published><updated>2009-07-29T10:16:52.197+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='review'/><title type='text'>Online Calculus Tutoring - TutorVista</title><content type='html'>Having problems with calculus? Do you need &lt;a href="http://www.tutorvista.com/calculus-help"&gt;calculus help&lt;/a&gt;? Don't worry, online &lt;a href="http://www.tutorvista.com/calculus-help"&gt;calculus tutoring&lt;/a&gt; is available now in &lt;a href="http://www.tutorvista.com/calculus-help"&gt;TutorVista&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TutorVista is a leading company on tutoring online specially for K-12 and college tutoring. They provide 24/7 service for calculus and &lt;a href="http://www.tutorvista.com/precalculus-help"&gt;precalculus help&lt;/a&gt; online. You can ask about your calculus and precalculus homework whenever you want.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;They provide an incredible unlimited tutoring package for only $99.99/month for ALL subjects: calculus, &lt;a href="http://www.tutorvista.com/precalculus-help"&gt;precalculus&lt;/a&gt;, and other subjects help. You can use their service as much as you want and whenever you need.&lt;br /&gt;And they also provide a free demo for the first time user to use their services for FREE.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-2320977956755674551?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2320977956755674551'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2320977956755674551'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2008/07/online-calculus-tutoring-tutorvista.html' title='Online Calculus Tutoring - TutorVista'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-2159978440364032171</id><published>2008-07-11T11:12:00.003+08:00</published><updated>2009-07-16T09:48:39.411+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='review'/><title type='text'>Course Hero - Study Guides, Homework Solutions, Papers, Exam Answer Keys and more</title><content type='html'>Now learning can be done anywhere, even it's on internet. 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You can create your account less than one minute.&lt;br /&gt;Once you sign up, you can meet over 300,000 fellow students and get over 200,000 textbook solutions immediately.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So, just join &lt;a href="http://www.coursehero.com/subjects/21-HISTORY/"&gt;Course hero&lt;/a&gt; now for your success!&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-2159978440364032171?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2159978440364032171'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2159978440364032171'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2008/07/course-hero-study-guides-homework.html' title='Course Hero - Study Guides, Homework Solutions, Papers, Exam Answer Keys and more'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-7138535800443660947</id><published>2008-07-15T08:09:00.000+08:00</published><updated>2009-07-15T08:39:24.601+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='review'/><title type='text'>Gold Coins Gain</title><content type='html'>Confused on crisis nowadays? Don't worry &lt;a href="http://www.goldcoinsgain.com/"&gt;www.goldcoinsgain.com&lt;/a&gt; offers you a growing and safety asset. It's gold.&lt;br /&gt;Gold Coins Gain is online aurum advisors for &lt;a href="http://www.goldcoinsgain.com"&gt;gold coins&lt;/a&gt;. The team consists of hand-selected world's finest precious asset metal managers.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;In this site, you can &lt;a href="http://www.goldcoinsgain.com"&gt;buy gold&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://www.goldcoinsgain.com"&gt;gold coins&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://www.goldcoinsgain.com"&gt;gold bullions&lt;/a&gt;, and also sell gold.&lt;br /&gt;There are many type of gold bullions offered, from &lt;span class="ProductTitle"&gt;$2.5 Liberty Quarter Eagle to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ProductTitle"&gt;Chinese Gold Panda. 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They also show "Spot Market Prices" of bullions (gold, silver, platinum, and palladium) on the top-right corner of the website.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So, if you want to&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.goldcoinsgain.com/"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="ProductTitle"&gt; buy gold, this is the right place!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-7138535800443660947?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/7138535800443660947/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2008/07/gold-coins-gain.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/7138535800443660947'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/7138535800443660947'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2008/07/gold-coins-gain.html' title='Gold Coins Gain'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-3602838992379759228</id><published>2009-03-15T07:58:00.004+08:00</published><updated>2009-05-08T14:46:21.724+08:00</updated><title type='text'>Announcement</title><content type='html'>I can't provide some new problems from now (&lt;s&gt;maybe until the end of April&lt;/s&gt;) because I'm busy preparing myself for National Exam. (and also other business)&lt;br /&gt;Therefore, if you want to become a contributor of this blog by providing some physics problems with solutions, you can leave comment below.&lt;br /&gt;Thank you for your sincerity.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-3602838992379759228?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/3602838992379759228/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/announcement.html#comment-form' title='4 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/3602838992379759228'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/3602838992379759228'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/announcement.html' title='Announcement'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>4</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-4013092484170649751</id><published>2009-03-13T21:39:00.005+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-14T21:57:41.581+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='electromagnetics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='*'/><title type='text'>Leak Charge</title><content type='html'>A conductor ball of radius &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;R&lt;/span&gt; is charged with charge &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;Q&lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. The ball is placed in an infinite space filled with a material with conductivity &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;σ&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_0"&gt;permittivity&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;ε&lt;/span&gt;, so the charge leaks away from the ball.&lt;br /&gt;Find the remaining charge on the ball as function of time!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Click &lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-leak-charge.html"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to read the solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-4013092484170649751?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/4013092484170649751/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/leak-charge.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/4013092484170649751'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/4013092484170649751'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/leak-charge.html' title='Leak Charge'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-816549072818711561</id><published>2003-03-13T21:49:00.000+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-13T22:49:15.862+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='solution'/><title type='text'>Solution - Leak Charge</title><content type='html'>The ball is a conductor, so all of the charge is on its surface. The electrical field on its surface is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=E%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B4%5Cpi%5Cepsilon%7D%5Cfrac%7BQ%7D%7BR%5E2%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Because it's placed inside a material with conductivity &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;σ&lt;/span&gt;, the current density on its surface is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=J%3D%5Csigma%20E" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=J%3D%5Csigma%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B4%5Cpi%5Cepsilon%7D%5Cfrac%7BQ%7D%7BR%5E2%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hence, the total current flow out from the ball is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=I%20%3D%20JA" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=I%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%5Csigma%7D%7B4%5Cpi%5Cepsilon%7D%5Cfrac%7BQ%7D%7BR%5E2%7D%284%5Cpi%20R%5E2%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=I%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%5Csigma%7D%7B%5Cepsilon%7DQ" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The current equals to the decreasing rate of charge.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=I%3D-%5Cfrac%7BdQ%7D%7Bdt%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hence,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7BdQ%7D%7Bdt%7D%20%3D%20-%5Cfrac%7B%5Csigma%7D%7B%5Cepsilon%7DQ" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7BdQ%7D%7BQ%7D%20%3D%20-%5Cfrac%7B%5Csigma%7D%7B%5Cepsilon%7Ddt" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Integrate both sides of the equation.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cint_%7BQ_0%7D%5EQ%5Cfrac%7BdQ%7D%7BQ%7D%20%3D%20-%5Cint_0%5Et%5Cfrac%7B%5Csigma%7D%7B%5Cepsilon%7Ddt" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cln%5Cleft(%5Cfrac%7BQ%7D%7BQ_0%7D%5Cright)%3D-%5Cfrac%7B%5Csigma%7D%7B%5Cepsilon%7Dt" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=Q%3DQ_0e%5E%7B-%5Cfrac%7B%5Csigma%7D%7B%5Cepsilon%7Dt%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;That's my solution.&lt;br /&gt;If you have any question, correction, or comment, please leave a comment below.&lt;br /&gt;Thank you.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-816549072818711561?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/816549072818711561/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-leak-charge.html#comment-form' title='5 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/816549072818711561'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/816549072818711561'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-leak-charge.html' title='Solution - Leak Charge'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>5</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-3742046689966423808</id><published>2009-03-11T21:58:00.001+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-11T22:22:31.094+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='**'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='electronic circuit'/><title type='text'>Semi-infinite RLC Circuit</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Sbd9s7RzSxI/AAAAAAAAAR4/1tw6AzapftQ/s1600-h/Semiinfinite+RLC+Circuit.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 101px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Sbd9s7RzSxI/AAAAAAAAAR4/1tw6AzapftQ/s320/Semiinfinite+RLC+Circuit.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5311852496286862098" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Consider a semi infinite circuit like shown above. Magnitude of impedance of inductor and capacitor equal to &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;R&lt;/span&gt; (i.e. &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;ωL=1/ωC=R&lt;/span&gt;). Find the total impedance of the circuit!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Click &lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/semi-infinite-rlc-circuit.html"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to read the solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-3742046689966423808?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/3742046689966423808/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/semi-infinite-rlc-circuit.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/3742046689966423808'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/3742046689966423808'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/semi-infinite-rlc-circuit.html' title='Semi-infinite RLC Circuit'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Sbd9s7RzSxI/AAAAAAAAAR4/1tw6AzapftQ/s72-c/Semiinfinite+RLC+Circuit.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-6951899390276302036</id><published>2003-03-10T21:52:00.006+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-11T22:22:22.677+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='solution'/><title type='text'>Solution - Semi-infinite RLC Circuit</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SbfADBlMvLI/AAAAAAAAASA/ec4Kr-javTs/s1600-h/Semiinfinite+RLC+Circuit.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 126px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SbfADBlMvLI/AAAAAAAAASA/ec4Kr-javTs/s320/Semiinfinite+RLC+Circuit.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5311925443703389362" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;See picture above. Because the circuit is semi-infinite, total impedance of circuit in the box is the same with total impedance of the whole circuit. So we can draw the circuit like picture below.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SbfJDHT_k1I/AAAAAAAAASI/nuuM0OwYYGM/s1600-h/Semiinfinite+RLC+Circuit.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 186px; height: 121px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SbfJDHT_k1I/AAAAAAAAASI/nuuM0OwYYGM/s320/Semiinfinite+RLC+Circuit.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5311935340846486354" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;To make it easier, we should work with complex number.&lt;br /&gt;Hence, the impedance of resistor, inductor, and capacitor are respectively&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=X_R%3DR" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=X_L%3Di%5Comega%20L%3DiR" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=X_C%3D-%5Cfrac%7Bi%7D%7B%5Comega%20C%7D%3D-iR" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So the total impedance of the circuit is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=Z_%7Btot%7D%3DX_C%2BX_R%2B%5Cleft%28%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BX_L%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BZ_%7Btot%7D%7D%5Cright%29%5E%7B-1%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Substitute the impedance of resistor, capacitor, and inductor at the equation above.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=Z_%7Btot%7D%3D%281-i%29R%2B%5Cleft%28%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BiR%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BZ_%7Btot%7D%7D%5Cright%29%5E%7B-1%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Solve the equation for Ztot, and we get&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=Z_%7Btot%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%281-i%5Cpm%5Csqrt%7B4%2B2i%7D%29R" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And now we need to change the &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Csqrt%7B4%2B2i%7D" /&gt; form, so we assume that&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Csqrt%7B4%2B2i%7D%3Da%2Bib" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Then give the power of two for each sides of the equation.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=4%2B2i%3Da%5E2-b%5E2%2B2iab" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And now we can get&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=4%3Da%5E2-b%5E2" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;and&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=2ab%3D2" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Solving these equation, and we get&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=a%3D%5Csqrt%7B2%2B%5Csqrt%7B5%7D%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=b%3D%5Csqrt%7B-2%2B%5Csqrt%7B5%7D%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Csqrt%7B4%2B2i%7D%3D%5Csqrt%7B2%2B%5Csqrt%7B5%7D%7D%2Bi%5Csqrt%7B-2%2B%5Csqrt%7B5%7D%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So the total impedance is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=Z_%7Btot%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Cleft%281%5Cpm%5Csqrt%7B2%2B%5Csqrt%7B5%7D%7D%5Cright%29R%2B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Cleft%28-1%5Cpm%5Csqrt%7B-2%2B%5Csqrt%7B5%7D%7D%5Cright%29iR" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Because the real part of impedance cannot be negative, so the total impedance is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=Z_%7Btot%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Cleft%281%2B%5Csqrt%7B2%2B%5Csqrt%7B5%7D%7D%5Cright%29R%2B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Cleft%28-1%2B%5Csqrt%7B-2%2B%5Csqrt%7B5%7D%7D%5Cright%29iR" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=Z_%7Btot%7D%5Capprox%20%281.53-0.26i%29R" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So, the magnitude of total impedance is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%7CZ_%7Btot%7D%7C%5Capprox%20%5Csqrt%7B1.53%5E2%2B%28-0.26%29%5E2%7DR" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%7CZ_%7Btot%7D%7C%5Capprox%200.81R" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;That's my solution.&lt;br /&gt;If you have any question, correction, or comment, please leave a comment below.&lt;br /&gt;Thank you.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-6951899390276302036?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/6951899390276302036/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/semi-infinite-rlc-circuit.html#comment-form' title='3 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/6951899390276302036'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/6951899390276302036'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/semi-infinite-rlc-circuit.html' title='Solution - Semi-infinite RLC Circuit'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SbfADBlMvLI/AAAAAAAAASA/ec4Kr-javTs/s72-c/Semiinfinite+RLC+Circuit.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>3</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-4357045601511379581</id><published>2005-02-28T14:08:00.004+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-10T10:36:33.782+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='free download'/><title type='text'>Free Downloads IPhO Problems and Solution</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2005/03/free-downloads-ipho-problems-and.html"&gt;Older IPhO Problems &amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;IPhO 2008 (Hanoi, Vietnam)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3669951/Theory_1_Problem.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 1&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3669954/Theory_1_Solution.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3669952/Theory_2_Problem.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 2&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3669948/Theory_2_Solution.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3669950/Theory_3_Problem.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 3&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3669953/Theory_3_Solution.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3669955/Experiment_Problem.pdf.html"&gt;Experimental Problem&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3669949/Experiment_Solution.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;font-size:100%;" &gt;IPhO 2007 (Isfahan, Iran)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3670153/b_q.pdf.html"&gt;Blue Question&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3670149/b_a.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3670145/o_q.pdf.html"&gt;Orange Question&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3670148/o_a.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3670150/p_q.pdf.html"&gt;Pink Question&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3670147/p_a.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3670146/g_q.pdf.html"&gt;Green Question (experiment)&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3670152/g_a.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3670151/g_d.pdf.html"&gt;Description&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;IPhO 2006 (Singapore)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675058/IPhO-37_Th1_final.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 1&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675057/IPhO-37_Th1-solve.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675056/IPhO-37_Th2_final.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 2&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675060/IPhO-37_Th2-solve.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675055/IPhO-37_Th3_final.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 3&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675062/IPhO-37_Th3-solve.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675061/IPhO-37_Expt_Q.pdf.html"&gt;Experimental Problem&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675059/IPhO-37_Expt_A.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;IPhO 2005 (Salamanca, Spain)&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675230/Th1.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 1&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675232/Th1Solution.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675231/Th2.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 2&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675228/Th2Solution.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675233/Th3.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 3&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675234/Th3Solution.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675229/Exp.pdf.html"&gt;Experimental Problem&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675227/ExpSolution.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;IPhO 2004 (Pohang, Korea)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675659/TheoreticalQuestion1.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 1&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675657/Solution1.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675655/TheoreticalQuestion2.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 2&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675656/Solution2.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675653/TheoreticalQuestion3.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 3&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675654/Solution3.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675652/ExperimentalQuestion.pdf.html"&gt;Experimental Problem&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3675658/Solution.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2005/03/free-downloads-ipho-problems-and.html"&gt;Older IPhO Problems &amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Powered by:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/register.php?referralid=%28y%5D;Nc.97%28/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.ziddu.com/banners/images/zidduax300x250.gif" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-4357045601511379581?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/4357045601511379581/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2005/02/free-download-olympiad-problems-and.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/4357045601511379581'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/4357045601511379581'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2005/02/free-download-olympiad-problems-and.html' title='Free Downloads IPhO Problems and Solution'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-3764445801406349024</id><published>2005-03-10T10:16:00.001+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-10T10:35:38.439+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='free download'/><title type='text'>Free Downloads IPhO Problems and Solution (2)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2005/02/free-download-olympiad-problems-and.html"&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; Newer IPhO Problems&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;IPhO 2003 (Taipei, Taiwan)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804020/TheoryQuestion1.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 1&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804021/TheorySolution1.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804023/TheoryQuestion2.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 2&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804025/TheorySolution2.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804024/TheoryQuestion3.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 3&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804026/TheorySolution3.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804022/ExperimentalProblems.pdf.html"&gt;Experimental Problem&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804019/ExperimentalGradingScheme.pdf.html"&gt;Grading Scheme&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804019/ExperimentalGradingScheme.pdf.html"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;IPhO 2002 (Bali, Indonesia)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804007/TheoProb_I.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 1&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804002/TheoSol_I.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804000/TheoProb_II.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 2&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804001/TheoSol_II.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3803999/TheoProb_III.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problem 3&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804006/TheoSol_III.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804005/ExpProb_I.pdf.html"&gt;Experimental Problem 1&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804008/ExpSol_I.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804003/ExpProb_II.pdf.html"&gt;Experimental Problem 2&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804004/ExpSol_II.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;IPhO 2001 (Antalya, Turkey)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804098/IPhO2001-THEO.pdf.html"&gt;Theoretical Problems&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804099/IPhO2001-THEO-SLN.pdf.html"&gt;Solutions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804097/IPhO2001-EXP.pdf.html"&gt;Experimental Problem&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804096/IPhO2001-EXP-SLN.pdf.html"&gt;Solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/3804096/IPhO2001-EXP-SLN.pdf.html"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;This list will be updated. Wait for the other IPhO problems.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2005/02/free-download-olympiad-problems-and.html"&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; Newer IPhO Problems&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Powered by:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ziddu.com/register.php?referralid=%28y%5D;Nc.97%28/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.ziddu.com/banners/images/zidduax300x250.gif" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-3764445801406349024?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/3764445801406349024/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2005/03/free-downloads-ipho-problems-and.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/3764445801406349024'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/3764445801406349024'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2005/03/free-downloads-ipho-problems-and.html' title='Free Downloads IPhO Problems and Solution (2)'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-8729050210232417368</id><published>2009-03-09T21:49:00.002+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-09T21:49:00.577+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='**'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='classical mechanics'/><title type='text'>Turning Scooter</title><content type='html'>A scooter of length &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt; has two wheels. The scooter moves with CM's speed &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt; on a rough plane and is going to turn its direction without change its speed. To turn its direction, the front wheels is rotated to an angle &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;θ&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;Calculate the minimum coefficient of friction between the plane and the wheels, &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;μ&lt;/span&gt;, so that the scooter does not slip to the plane! Assume CM of the scooter is at the middle.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Click &lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-turning-scooter.html"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to read the solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-8729050210232417368?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/8729050210232417368/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/turning-scooter.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/8729050210232417368'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/8729050210232417368'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/turning-scooter.html' title='Turning Scooter'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-2249577199844795207</id><published>2009-03-07T21:37:00.002+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-07T21:37:01.008+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='classical mechanics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='***'/><title type='text'>Winding Spring</title><content type='html'>A uniform solid cylinder of mass &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt; and radius &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;R&lt;/span&gt; can freely rotate around its axis &lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;. And there is a spring of relaxed length &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;L&lt;/span&gt; and stiffness &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;K&lt;/span&gt; attached to the cylinder and a static wall. See picture below.&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Savn0peqUxI/AAAAAAAAAQw/c566c4CXp0Y/s1600-h/Winding+Spring.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 205px; height: 122px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Savn0peqUxI/AAAAAAAAAQw/c566c4CXp0Y/s320/Winding+Spring.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5308591477459931922" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Initially, the spring is relaxed. As the cylinder starts rotating, the spring will wind the cylinder. The surface of cylinder is very rough, so that the spring does not slip with the cylinder's surface.&lt;br /&gt;Find the minimum initial angular speed of the cylinder, &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;ω&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;font-size:78%;" &gt;0&lt;/span&gt;, so that it can rotate to angle &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;2π&lt;/span&gt;!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Click &lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-winding-spring.html"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to read the solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-2249577199844795207?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/2249577199844795207/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/winding-spring.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2249577199844795207'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2249577199844795207'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/winding-spring.html' title='Winding Spring'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Savn0peqUxI/AAAAAAAAAQw/c566c4CXp0Y/s72-c/Winding+Spring.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-9050716609978570594</id><published>2003-03-06T21:44:00.006+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-06T22:50:58.085+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='solution'/><title type='text'>Solution - Turning Scooter</title><content type='html'>If the scooter does not slip to the plane, path of both wheels must be parallel with its direction.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SbE4NyZb78I/AAAAAAAAARY/Glw679FIX-Y/s1600-h/Turning+Scooter+-+Solution.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 181px; height: 168px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SbE4NyZb78I/AAAAAAAAARY/Glw679FIX-Y/s320/Turning+Scooter+-+Solution.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5310087245164441538" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From the picture above, we can get&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=R_1%3D%5Cfrac%7Bl%7D%7B%5Ctan%5Ctheta%7D%5Cldots%281%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hence, the radius of CM's path is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=R_%7Bcm%7D%3D%5Csqrt%7B%5Cleft%28%5Cfrac%7Bl%7D%7B2%7D%5Cright%29%5E2%2BR_1%5E2%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=R_%7Bcm%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7Bl%7D%7B2%5Ctan%5Ctheta%7D%5Csqrt%7B4%2B%5Ctan%5E2%5Ctheta%7D%5Cldots%282%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So the total friction force must equal to&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f%3D%5Cfrac%7Bmv%5E2%7D%7BR_%7Bcm%7D%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f%3D%5Cfrac%7B2mv%5E2%5Ctan%5Ctheta%7D%7Bl%5Csqrt%7B4%2B%5Ctan%5E2%5Ctheta%7D%7D%5Cldots%283%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hence, the &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;y&lt;/span&gt; component of the friction is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f_x%3Df%5Cfrac%7BR_1%7D%7BR_%7Bcm%7D%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f_x%3D%5Cfrac%7B4mv%5E2%5Ctan%5Ctheta%7D%7Bl%284%2B%5Ctan%5E2%5Ctheta%29%7D%5Cldots%284%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f_y%3Df%5Cfrac%7Bl%7D%7B2R_%7Bcm%7D%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f_y%3D%5Cfrac%7B2mv%5E2%5Ctan%5E2%5Ctheta%7D%7Bl%284%2B%5Ctan%5E2%5Ctheta%29%7D%5Cldots%285%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Now, draw the friction forces work on both wheels. Each friction has perpendicular direction to each wheel. Sum of these two frictions must equal to the total friction (both in &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;y&lt;/span&gt; direction).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SbE3aG_X6MI/AAAAAAAAARQ/wWKcA3yuN7w/s1600-h/Turning+Scooter+-+Solution+2.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 183px; height: 127px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SbE3aG_X6MI/AAAAAAAAARQ/wWKcA3yuN7w/s320/Turning+Scooter+-+Solution+2.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5310086357339072706" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;First, for &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;-direction,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f_y%3Df_2%5Csin%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From equation (5), we can get&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f_2%3D%5Cfrac%7B2mv%5E2%5Ctan%5E2%5Ctheta%7D%7Bl%5Csin%5Ctheta%284%2B%5Ctan%5E2%5Ctheta%29%7D%5Cldots%286%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Then for &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;-direction,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f_x%3Df_1%2Bf_2%5Ccos%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Substitute &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;f&lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; from equation (4) and &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;f&lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; from equation (6),&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f_1%3D%5Cfrac%7B2mv%5E2%5Ctan%5Ctheta%7D%7Bl%284%2B%5Ctan%5E2%5Ctheta%29%7D%5Cldots%287%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From equation (6) and (7) above, we can see that &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;f&lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is greater than &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;f&lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, so the coefficient of friction must equal to&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu%3D%5Cfrac%7Bf_2%7D%7BN_2%7D%5Cldots%288%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For the normal forces, because the CM of the scooter is at the middle, we can say that&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=N_1%3DN_2" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And the total normal forces must equal to its weight, so&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=N_1%2BN_2%3Dmg" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hence,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=N_1%3DN_2%3D%5Cfrac%7Bmg%7D%7B2%7D%5Cldots%289%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Back to coefficient of friction. From equation (6) and (8), we can get the coefficient of friction,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu%3D%5Cfrac%7B4v%5E2%5Ctan%5E2%5Ctheta%7D%7Bgl%5Csin%5Ctheta%284%2B%5Ctan%5E2%5Ctheta%29%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;That's my solution.&lt;br /&gt;If you have any question, correction, or comment, please leave a comment below.&lt;br /&gt;Thank you.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-9050716609978570594?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/9050716609978570594/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-turning-scooter.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/9050716609978570594'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/9050716609978570594'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-turning-scooter.html' title='Solution - Turning Scooter'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SbE4NyZb78I/AAAAAAAAARY/Glw679FIX-Y/s72-c/Turning+Scooter+-+Solution.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-983389042000179663</id><published>2003-03-03T22:36:00.002+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-05T22:45:31.465+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='solution'/><title type='text'>Solution - Winding Spring</title><content type='html'>Assume the spring consists of &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;N&lt;/span&gt; small springs, where &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;N&amp;gt;&amp;gt;1&lt;/span&gt;. Hence, relaxed length of the small spring is &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=l_%7Bsm%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7BL%7D%7BN%7D" /&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;The large spring equals to the small springs in series, so&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BK%7D%3D%5Cunderbrace%7B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bk_%7Bsm%7D%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bk_%7Bsm%7D%7D%2B%5Cldots%2B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bk_%7Bsm%7D%7D%7D_N" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BK%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7BN%7D%7Bk_%7Bsm%7D%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BK%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7BL%7D%7Bk_%7Bsm%7Dl_%7Bsm%7D%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=KL%20%3D%20k_%7Bsm%7Dl_%7Bsm%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From the equation above, we can conclude that multiply between spring constant of a part and its relaxed length is constant. And we can write&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=kl%3DKL%5Cldots%281%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;differentiate it, and we get&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7Bdk%7D%7Bk%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7Bdl%7D%7Bl%7D%3D0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7Bdk%7D%7Bk%7D%3D-%5Cfrac%7Bdl%7D%7Bl%7D%5Cldots%282%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The total length of unwinding spring is &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;L&lt;/span&gt;. If the cylinder rotates by small angle &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=d%5Ctheta" /&gt;, a small part of the spring with total length &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=Rd%5Ctheta" /&gt; will wind the cylinder, while the other part deformed to length &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;L&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;Relaxed length of the small part is,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=dx%3D%5Cfrac%7BRd%5Ctheta%7D%7BL%7Dl" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Because the small part will wind the spring, the change of relaxed length of unwinding spring is,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=dl%3D-dx" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=dl%3D-%5Cfrac%7BRd%5Ctheta%7D%7BL%7Dl" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7Bdl%7D%7Bl%7D%3D-%5Cfrac%7BRd%5Ctheta%7D%7BL%7D%5Cldots%283%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Then, from equation (1) and (3), we can get&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7Bdk%7D%7Bk%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7BRd%5Ctheta%7D%7BL%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Integrate the equation, we will get&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cint_K%5Ek%20%5Cfrac%7Bdk%7D%7Bk%7D%3D%5Cint_0%5E%5Ctheta%5Cfrac%7BR%7D%7BL%7Dd%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=k%3DKe%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7BR%5Ctheta%7D%7BL%7D%7D%5Cldots%284%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;When the unwinding spring have relaxed length l, it will give force to the cylinder,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=F%3Dk%28L-l%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;and give torque,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Ctau%3DFR" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Ctau%3Dk%28L-l%29R" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Thus, the change of energy when it rotates by small angle &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=d%5Ctheta" /&gt; is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=dE%3D-%5Ctau%20d%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=dE%3D-k%28L-l%29Rd%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=dE%3D-%28kL-kl%29Rd%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Substitute &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;kl&lt;/span&gt; from equation (1),&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=dE%3D-%28kL-KL%29Rd%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=dE%3D-%5Cleft%28%5Cfrac%7Bk%7D%7BK%7D-1%5Cright%29KLRd%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Substitute &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;k&lt;/span&gt; from equation (4),&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=dE%3D-%5Cleft%28e%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7BR%5Ctheta%7D%7BL%7D%7D-1%5Cright%29KLRd%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Integrate two sides of equation,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cint_%7BE_0%7D%5E0%20dE%3D-%5Cint_0%5E%5Ctheta%5Cleft%28e%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7BR%5Ctheta%7D%7BL%7D%7D-1%5Cright%29KLRd%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=-E_0%3D-%5Cleft%28e%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7BR%5Ctheta%7D%7BL%7D%7D-%5Cfrac%7BR%5Ctheta%7D%7BL%7D%5Cright%29KL%5E2" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And now, substitute &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=E_0%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7DI%5Comega%5E2" /&gt; and &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Ctheta%3D2%5Cpi" /&gt;, and we get&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Comega%5E2%3D%5Cleft%28e%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cpi%20R%7D%7BL%7D%7D-%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cpi%20R%7D%7BL%7D%5Cright%29%5Cfrac%7B2KL%5E2%7D%7BI%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Substitute &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=I%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7DMR%5E2" /&gt; for uniform solid cylinder.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Comega%5E2%3D%5Cleft%28e%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cpi%20R%7D%7BL%7D%7D-%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cpi%20R%7D%7BL%7D%5Cright%29%5Cfrac%7B4KL%5E2%7D%7BMR%5E2%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Comega%3D%5Csqrt%7B%5Cleft%28e%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cpi%20R%7D%7BL%7D%7D-%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cpi%20R%7D%7BL%7D%5Cright%29%5Cfrac%7B4KL%5E2%7D%7BMR%5E2%7D%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;That's my solution.&lt;br /&gt;If you have any question, correction, or comment, please leave a comment below.&lt;br /&gt;Thank you.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-983389042000179663?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/983389042000179663/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-winding-spring.html#comment-form' title='3 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/983389042000179663'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/983389042000179663'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-winding-spring.html' title='Solution - Winding Spring'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>3</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-1682840872716077887</id><published>2009-03-05T21:17:00.003+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-05T21:17:01.013+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='**'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='classical mechanics'/><title type='text'>Minimum Friction</title><content type='html'>A uniform rod of mass &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt; and length &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt; is placed on a rough floor and a rough wall. The rod makes an angle &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;θ&lt;/span&gt; to the floor.&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Savf6ZAOJLI/AAAAAAAAAQg/0GpuSYIXzq0/s1600-h/Minimum+Friction.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 106px; height: 81px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Savf6ZAOJLI/AAAAAAAAAQg/0GpuSYIXzq0/s320/Minimum+Friction.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5308582780023481522" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;What is the minimum coefficient of friction of the floor and the wall in order to prevent the rod from slipping? Assume the floor and the wall made by the same material.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Click &lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-minimum-friction.html"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to read the solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-1682840872716077887?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/1682840872716077887/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/minimum-friction.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/1682840872716077887'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/1682840872716077887'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/minimum-friction.html' title='Minimum Friction'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Savf6ZAOJLI/AAAAAAAAAQg/0GpuSYIXzq0/s72-c/Minimum+Friction.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-2849700882941382990</id><published>2003-03-02T22:11:00.005+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-04T22:14:44.927+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='solution'/><title type='text'>Solution - Minimum Friction</title><content type='html'>First, define &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_j%5Cequiv%5Cfrac%7Bf_j%7D%7BN_j%7D" /&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Then, draw all forces that works on the rod. The total force and torque on the rod must be zero, because it is in equilibrium.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5CSigma%20F_x%3D0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5CSigma%20F_y%3D0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5CSigma%5Ctau%3D0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Sa0-IgvpwQI/AAAAAAAAAQ4/NNKK_THSTqQ/s1600-h/Minimum+Friction.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 106px; height: 117px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Sa0-IgvpwQI/AAAAAAAAAQ4/NNKK_THSTqQ/s320/Minimum+Friction.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5308967851689361666" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;-component,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5CSigma%20F_x%3DN_w-f_f" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=0%3DN_w-%5Cmu_f%20N_f" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=N_w%3D%5Cmu_f%20N_f%5Cldots%281%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;-component,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5CSigma%20F_y%3DN_f%2Bf_w-mg" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=0%3DN_f%2B%5Cmu_wN_w-mg%5Cldots%282%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And for torque, we can take an arbitrary point on the rod because it is in equilibrium. In this case, we take the contact point to the floor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5CSigma%5Ctau_f%3Dmgcos%5Ctheta%5Cfrac%7Bl%7D%7B2%7D-N_wsin%5Ctheta%20l-f_wcos%5Ctheta%20l" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=0%3Dmgcos%5Ctheta%5Cfrac%7Bl%7D%7B2%7D-N_wl%28sin%5Ctheta%2B%5Cmu_wcos%5Ctheta%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=2N_w%28sin%5Ctheta%2B%5Cmu_wcos%5Ctheta%29%3Dmgcos%5Ctheta%5Cldots%283%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Solving these three equations, and we get the relation between &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_f" /&gt; and &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_w" /&gt;,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_f%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2tan%5Ctheta%2B%5Cmu_w%7D%5Cldots%284%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Because &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_f" /&gt; and &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_w" /&gt; may have different values, the coefficient of friction of wall and floor must be the greatest value between these two values, &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_f" /&gt; and &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_w" /&gt;, to keep the value of both &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu" /&gt; not higher than the coefficient of friction.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Then draw a graph with &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_w" /&gt; as x-axis and &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu" /&gt; as y-axis (can be &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_f" /&gt; or &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_w" /&gt;).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Sa0_a0kFSfI/AAAAAAAAARA/a0cu2Z3CW6w/s1600-h/Solution+-+Minimum+Friction.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 217px; height: 213px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Sa0_a0kFSfI/AAAAAAAAARA/a0cu2Z3CW6w/s320/Solution+-+Minimum+Friction.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5308969265758816754" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From the graph, we can conclude that it reach its minimum value when &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu_f%3D%5Cmu_w" /&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And the equation (4) will become&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2tan%5Ctheta%2B%5Cmu%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Solve for &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu" /&gt;,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cmu%3D%5Cfrac%7B1-sin%5Ctheta%7D%7Bcos%5Ctheta%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;That's my solution.&lt;br /&gt;If you have any question, correction, or comment, please leave a comment below.&lt;br /&gt;Thank you.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-2849700882941382990?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/2849700882941382990/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-minimum-friction.html#comment-form' title='3 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2849700882941382990'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2849700882941382990'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-minimum-friction.html' title='Solution - Minimum Friction'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Sa0-IgvpwQI/AAAAAAAAAQ4/NNKK_THSTqQ/s72-c/Minimum+Friction.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>3</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-5084512450409128009</id><published>2009-03-03T22:46:00.000+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-03T22:46:00.239+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='classical mechanics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='*'/><title type='text'>Breaking A Ruler</title><content type='html'>Why is it much easier to break a ruler by bending it than by pulling it?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Click &lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/02/solution-breaking-ruler.html"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to read the solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-5084512450409128009?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/5084512450409128009/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/breaking-ruler.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/5084512450409128009'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/5084512450409128009'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/breaking-ruler.html' title='Breaking A Ruler'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-2911421268609587775</id><published>2009-03-01T16:32:00.001+08:00</published><updated>2009-03-01T16:32:00.356+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='optics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='*'/><title type='text'>Trapping Lenses</title><content type='html'>Some identical thin convex lenses are arranged at edge of a full circle of radius &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;R&lt;/span&gt;, according to the picture below. The lenses have equal angle spacing of &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;θ&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;θ&amp;lt;&amp;lt;1&lt;/span&gt;). Each lens has aperture length of &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;D&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;D&amp;lt;&amp;lt;R&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaZYOotlRrI/AAAAAAAAAPw/sapsIM5mXKk/s1600-h/Trapping+Lenses.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 166px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaZYOotlRrI/AAAAAAAAAPw/sapsIM5mXKk/s320/Trapping+Lenses.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5307026219372725938" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Find the longest focus distance, &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;, of the lenses so that it is possible to trap a ray of light inside the circle!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Click &lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-trapping-lenses.html"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to read the solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-2911421268609587775?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/2911421268609587775/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/trapping-lenses.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2911421268609587775'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2911421268609587775'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/03/trapping-lenses.html' title='Trapping Lenses'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaZYOotlRrI/AAAAAAAAAPw/sapsIM5mXKk/s72-c/Trapping+Lenses.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-1064902370463934863</id><published>2009-01-29T22:17:00.003+08:00</published><updated>2009-02-28T08:34:33.759+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='classical mechanics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='***'/><title type='text'>Swinging Ball on Rough Inclined Plane</title><content type='html'>A ball of mass &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;m&lt;/span&gt; is hang by a string of length &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;l&lt;/span&gt; on a rough inclined plane with coefficient of friction &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;μ &lt;/span&gt;and angle &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;θ&lt;/span&gt; with the horizontal (&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;μ=tanθ&lt;/span&gt;). Initially the ball is at the lowest position.&lt;br /&gt;Calculate the minimum initial velocity, &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;, should be given to the ball to make a full circle of its path!&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SYBtpluXdKI/AAAAAAAAAIU/r-_xyyBkMtY/s1600-h/Swinging+Ball+on+Rough+Inclined+Plane.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 199px; height: 128px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SYBtpluXdKI/AAAAAAAAAIU/r-_xyyBkMtY/s400/Swinging+Ball+on+Rough+Inclined+Plane.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5296353723056354466" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Click &lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/01/solution-swinging-ball-on-rough.html"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to read the solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-1064902370463934863?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/1064902370463934863/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/01/swinging-ball-on-rough-inclined-plane.html#comment-form' title='7 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/1064902370463934863'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/1064902370463934863'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/01/swinging-ball-on-rough-inclined-plane.html' title='Swinging Ball on Rough Inclined Plane'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SYBtpluXdKI/AAAAAAAAAIU/r-_xyyBkMtY/s72-c/Swinging+Ball+on+Rough+Inclined+Plane.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>7</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-7558351636188048680</id><published>2003-01-27T20:50:00.001+08:00</published><updated>2009-02-28T08:33:27.554+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='solution'/><title type='text'>Solution - Swinging Ball on Rough Inclined Plane</title><content type='html'>There are two conditions that have to be fulfilled to make one full swing. One is to maintain the string in tension, and another one is to have enough energy to complete one-cycle friction.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For the first condition, consider when the ball has made an angle &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;φ&lt;/span&gt; like picture below.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaiGQr8uu1I/AAAAAAAAAQY/5wcNOUy51fM/s1600-h/Solution+-+Swinging+Ball+on+Rough+Inclined+Plane.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 148px; height: 161px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaiGQr8uu1I/AAAAAAAAAQY/5wcNOUy51fM/s320/Solution+-+Swinging+Ball+on+Rough+Inclined+Plane.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5307639782089603922" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;From the picture, we can get tension of the string,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=T%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7Bmv%27%5E2%7D%7Bl%7D-mgsin%5Ctheta%20cos%5Cphi%5Cldots%281%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In order to make the string in tension at all time, the minimum value of &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;T&lt;/span&gt; must equal to zero.&lt;br /&gt;The condition when &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;T&lt;/span&gt; reach its minimum value,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7BdT%7D%7Bdt%7D%3D0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7BdT%7D%7Bdt%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B2mv%27%7D%7Bl%7D%5Cfrac%7Bdv%27%7D%7Bdt%7D%2Bmgsin%5Ctheta%20sin%5Cphi%20%5Cfrac%7Bd%5Cphi%7D%7Bdt%7D%3D0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Because &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7Bd%5Cphi%7D%7Bdt%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7Bv%27%7D%7Bl%7D" /&gt;, so&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7B2mv%27%7D%7Bl%7D%5Cfrac%7Bdv%27%7D%7Bdt%7D%2Bmgsin%5Ctheta%20sin%5Cphi%5Cfrac%7Bv%27%7D%7Bl%7D%3D0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=2%5Cfrac%7Bdv%27%7D%7Bdt%7D%2Bgsin%5Ctheta%20sin%5Cphi%3D0%5Cldots%282%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Now, consider the forces that are align to ball's velocity.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=m%5Cfrac%7Bdv%27%7D%7Bdt%7D%3Dmgsin%5Ctheta%20sin%5Cphi-f" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Substitute for &lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f%20%3D%20%5Cmu%20mgcos%5Ctheta%3Dmgsin%5Ctheta" /&gt;, and we get&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=m%5Cfrac%7Bdv%27%7D%7Bdt%7D%3D-mgsin%5Ctheta%281-sin%5Cphi%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7Bdv%27%7D%7Bdt%7D%3D-gsin%5Ctheta%281-sin%5Cphi%29%5Cldots%283%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Substitute &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;dv'/dt&lt;/span&gt; from equation (3) to equation (2),&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=-2gsin%5Ctheta%281-sin%5Cphi%29%2Bgsin%5Ctheta%20sin%5Cphi%20%3D%200" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=sin%5Cphi%3D%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B3%7D%5Cldots%284%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Insert &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;φ&lt;/span&gt; to equation (1)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=T_%7Bmin%7D%3D0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7Bmv%27%5E2%7D%7Bl%7D-mgsin%5Ctheta%20cos%5Cphi%3D0" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=v%27%5E2%3Dglsin%5Ctheta%20cos%5Cphi%5Cldots%285%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;By using conservation of energy,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7Dmv%5E2-mglsin%5Ctheta%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7Dmv%27%5E2%2Bmglsin%5Ctheta%20cos%5Cphi%2B%28%5Cpi%2B%5Cphi%29fl" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=mv%5E2%3D2mglsin%5Ctheta%20%2B%20mv%27%5E2%2B2mglsin%5Ctheta%20cos%5Cphi%2B%282%5Cpi%2B2%5Cphi%29mglsin%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=mv%5E2%3D2mglsin%5Ctheta%20%2B%20mglsin%5Ctheta%20cos%5Cphi%20%2B2mglsin%5Ctheta%20cos%5Cphi%2B%282%5Cpi%2B2%5Cphi%29mglsin%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=v%5E2%3Dglsin%5Ctheta%282%20%2B%203cos%5Cphi%2B2%5Cpi%2B2%5Cphi%29%5Cldots%286%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%282%2B3cos%5Cphi%2B2%5Cpi%2B2%5Cphi%29%20%5Capprox%2011.98" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Now, we need to find the minimum speed required for second condition (i.e. the ball has to have enough energy to complete one-cycle friction.&lt;br /&gt;By using conservation of energy,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7Dmv%5E2%3D2%5Cpi%20lf" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7Dmv%5E2%3D2%5Cpi%20mglsin%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=v%5E2%3D4%5Cpi%20glsin%5Ctheta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=4%5Cpi%20%5Capprox%2012.57" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;As we see, the speed required for the second condition is larger than the speed required for the first condition. So, we may conclude that the minimum speed required for both conditions is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=v_%7Bmin%7D%3D%5Csqrt%7B4%5Cpi%20mglsin%5Ctheta%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;That's my solution.&lt;br /&gt;If you have any question, correction, or comment, please leave a comment below.&lt;br /&gt;Thank you.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-7558351636188048680?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/7558351636188048680/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/01/solution-swinging-ball-on-rough.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/7558351636188048680'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/7558351636188048680'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/01/solution-swinging-ball-on-rough.html' title='Solution - Swinging Ball on Rough Inclined Plane'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-2968949000684592531</id><published>2009-02-27T21:53:00.002+08:00</published><updated>2009-02-27T21:53:00.581+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='classical mechanics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='*'/><title type='text'>Spring and Hanging Ball</title><content type='html'>A small ball of mass &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;M&lt;/span&gt; is hung with a spring of stiffness &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;k&lt;/span&gt; and zero relaxed length. The ball is in gravitational field, &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;g&lt;/span&gt;. Then the ball is brought down to a point (&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;font-size:78%;" &gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;, y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;font-size:78%;" &gt;0&lt;/span&gt;) as shown in picture below, and then released.&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaP8cQnCIyI/AAAAAAAAAPQ/SmyenqTn5LM/s1600-h/Spring+and+Hanging+Ball.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 115px; height: 122px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaP8cQnCIyI/AAAAAAAAAPQ/SmyenqTn5LM/s320/Spring+and+Hanging+Ball.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5306362348397798178" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;How will path of the ball? And also find coordinate of the ball when it reaches its highest position!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Click &lt;a href="http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/02/solution-spring-and-hanging-ball.html"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to read the solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-2968949000684592531?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/2968949000684592531/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/02/spring-and-hanging-ball.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2968949000684592531'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/2968949000684592531'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2009/02/spring-and-hanging-ball.html' title='Spring and Hanging Ball'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaP8cQnCIyI/AAAAAAAAAPQ/SmyenqTn5LM/s72-c/Spring+and+Hanging+Ball.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-9031863543487640195</id><published>2003-03-03T18:11:00.000+08:00</published><updated>2009-02-27T20:45:26.698+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='solution'/><title type='text'>Solution - Trapping Lenses</title><content type='html'>First, we need to find the angle deflection of light ray if it passes a convex lens.&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SafgA7HjkEI/AAAAAAAAAQQ/RLEvKcttcvU/s1600-h/solution+-+trapping+lenses.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 196px; height: 111px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SafgA7HjkEI/AAAAAAAAAQQ/RLEvKcttcvU/s320/solution+-+trapping+lenses.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5307456992353423426" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cphi%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7Bh%7D%7Bs%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cphi%27%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7Bh%7D%7Bs%27%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hence,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cdelta%20%3D%20%5Cphi%2B%5Cphi%27" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cdelta%20%3D%20h%5Cleft%28%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bs%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bs%27%7D%5Cright%29" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;By using lens equation,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bf%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bs%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bs%27%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;we can get&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cdelta%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7Bh%7D%7Bf%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;If the lenses are separated by angle of &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;θ&lt;/span&gt;, then the total number of lenses is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=N%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cpi%7D%7B%5Ctheta%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;If we want to trap a ray of light, we just need to have the light forms a (nearly) circle path. On one cycle of the path, the light passes &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;N&lt;/span&gt; lenses, so the total deflection is&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cdelta_%7Btot%7D%3DN%5Cdelta" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cdelta_%7Btot%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cpi%7D%7B%5Ctheta%7D%5Cfrac%7Bh%7D%7Bf%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The total deflection must equal to &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;2π&lt;/span&gt;,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cdelta_%7Btot%7D%3D2%5Cpi" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cpi%7D%7B%5Ctheta%7D%5Cfrac%7Bh%7D%7Bf%7D%3D2%5Cpi" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Cfrac%7Bh%7D%7B%5Ctheta%20f%7D%3D1" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f%3D%5Cfrac%7Bh%7D%7B%5Ctheta%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In order to get the longest focus length, variable &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;h&lt;/span&gt; must be at its maximum value (i.e. aperture length, &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;D&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=f_%7Bmax%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7BD%7D%7B%5Ctheta%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;That's my solution.&lt;br /&gt;If you have any question, correction, or comment, please leave a comment below.&lt;br /&gt;Thank you.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-9031863543487640195?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/9031863543487640195/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-trapping-lenses.html#comment-form' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/9031863543487640195'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/9031863543487640195'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/03/solution-trapping-lenses.html' title='Solution - Trapping Lenses'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SafgA7HjkEI/AAAAAAAAAQQ/RLEvKcttcvU/s72-c/solution+-+trapping+lenses.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061257394968978005.post-5248989276081263075</id><published>2003-02-25T23:02:00.003+08:00</published><updated>2009-02-26T22:42:31.266+08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='solution'/><title type='text'>Solution - Breaking A Ruler</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Saam425EPRI/AAAAAAAAAP4/9V7tVPbiT0c/s1600-h/Solution+-+Breaking+A+Ruler.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 75px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Saam425EPRI/AAAAAAAAAP4/9V7tVPbiT0c/s320/Solution+-+Breaking+A+Ruler.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5307112706640461074" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Assume the ruler has length of &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;2l&lt;/span&gt; and thickness of &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;Consider only a half part of the ruler. The ruler does not move, so we can say that the total force and torque on the ruler is zero.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;First, consider when the ruler is pulled with a force &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;F&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaanN6yQ0zI/AAAAAAAAAQA/n2wGa8y6DZs/s1600-h/Solution+2+-+Breaking+A+Ruler.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 218px; height: 123px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaanN6yQ0zI/AAAAAAAAAQA/n2wGa8y6DZs/s320/Solution+2+-+Breaking+A+Ruler.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5307113068462920498" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;If we pull the ruler with a force &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;F&lt;/span&gt;, the other part of ruler will exert a same force, &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;F&lt;/span&gt;, to this part in order to cancel the pulling force.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In other hand, if we bend the ruler with a force &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;F&lt;/span&gt; at edge of the ruler, the other part will exert a torque with the same magnitude of&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=%5Ctau%20%3D%20Fl" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaaoPMxYs1I/AAAAAAAAAQI/1aKUm8TsKqA/s1600-h/Solution+3+-+Breaking+A+Ruler.png"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 161px; height: 160px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/SaaoPMxYs1I/AAAAAAAAAQI/1aKUm8TsKqA/s320/Solution+3+-+Breaking+A+Ruler.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5307114189982577490" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Therefore, we can calculate roughly the magnitude of force exerted by the other part&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=F_%7Bex%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Ctau%7D%7Bd%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.sitmo.com/gg/latex/latex2png.2.php?z=100&amp;amp;eq=F_%7Bex%7D%3DF%5Cfrac%7Bl%7D%7Bd%7D" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Because a ruler is commonly very thin compared to its length, the value of &lt;span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;l/d&lt;/span&gt; will be very large.&lt;br /&gt;So the force exerted by the other part is much larger if we bend the ruler, and it will break easily.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;That's my solution.&lt;br /&gt;If you have any question, correction, or comment, please leave a comment below.&lt;br /&gt;Thank you.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2061257394968978005-5248989276081263075?l=collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/feeds/5248989276081263075/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/02/solution-breaking-ruler.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/5248989276081263075'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/2061257394968978005/posts/default/5248989276081263075'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://collectionofphysicsproblems.blogspot.com/2003/02/solution-breaking-ruler.html' title='Solution - Breaking A Ruler'/><author><name>Copycat91</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08504986782488189300</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='11205347856270948889'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jn57XA2jLxY/Saam425EPRI/AAAAAAAAAP4/9V7tVPbiT0c/s72-c/Solution+-+Breaking+A+Ruler.png' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>1</thr:total></entry></feed>